Understanding Savings Rate

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Good morning, Heroes!

Here’s your Morning Market Preview for September 20th, 2024
Read, or listen relaxingly for a few minutes – whichever you prefer!

Key Economic Reports

• None scheduled for Friday.

Key  Earnings Reports & Events Today

• No earnings reports scheduled for Friday either.
  
  
• Boeing’s strike continues, and the company has furloughed thousands of workers. The strike began after union members overwhelmingly rejected a proposed contract, leading to a work stoppage that is now becoming prolonged. The strike began on September 13th.

The Fed

• After the recent 50 basis points cut to 4.75-5.00%, the next meeting's outcomes will hinge on new data, potentially setting further rate adjustments.

Stocks

Year-to-Date Performance:

• Up Most: Tech was up 3.08% yesterday, now up 24.26% this year. Utilities is second-best on the year, up 23.03%.
  
  
• Down Most: Important to know, no sectors are negative on the year. The smallest gain has been in Energy, up 4.77% this year. Second-to-last is Materials, up 8.68%.

5 Day Moving Average: 

• Up Most: 95% of Energy Large Cap stocks are now above their 5 day average. Tech is second now with 88% of its Large Caps above their 5 day average.
  
  

• Down Most: Utilities are down, and only 16% of Large Caps are above their 5 day average. Next closest is Real Estate and Consumer Staples at 29%. 

Crypto

• Bitcoin: Up big recently, now about $62,992, which puts it at a staggering 49.89% gain on the year.
  
  
• Ethereum: It’s been a good couple of days for Ethereum again, and is up to about $2,465, which means a 7% gain on the year.
  
  
• Top Gainers Recently: Solana is up big again, about 9.82% in the last day. Ox and Bitcoin Cash are close on Solana’s heels though, both up about 9.25%.
  
  
• Important to note: Crypto markets are always open and prices change constantly.

Bonds

• 2-Year Treasury:  Yields continue to come down, now at 3.629%.
  
  
• 10-Year Treasury: Up a tick to 3.715%, but overall it’s had a decline this year too.
  
  
• The yield curve is no longer inverted, having un-inverted in late August, 2024.

Gold

• Price: Gold is flat in the last day, now about $2,587 per ounce, and up 25.4% on the year.

Real Estate

• 30-Year Fixed Mortgage Rate: Up just a bit, now to 6.17%. The mortgage rate has dropped about 7.5% this year.

Geopolitical Aspects

• Global markets are watching closely for economic data from China, which continues to show slower-than-expected growth.
  
  
• Meanwhile, European markets are grappling with high energy prices as winter approaches, which could lead to higher costs and increased inflation risks across the continent.
  
  
• Concerns include Middle East tensions affecting oil prices and global investment flows.

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Built for The One in the Arena

Arena Investor is on a mission not only to help with financial planning, and investment management, but also with education. Keep reading, watching, following, and sharing great Arena Investor content. And as always if you want professional advice, we are glad to be your teammate – along a financial journey you can actually enjoy.

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P.S.

Continue reading, if you would enjoy…

Some Simple Explanations of Key Concepts to Level Up Your Financial Education

Each of these elements interacts, creating the dynamic we call 'the market'.

Understanding these aspects of the investing arena can help investors in making informed investment decisions.

You’re the Hero.
    We’re the Guide.

• Economic Reports: Data like jobless claims help predict economic health. For instance, rising claims might suggest economic slowdown.
• Jobless Claims: These are weekly reports that show the number of people filing for unemployment benefits. Higher numbers can indicate a weakening labor market.
• Housing Starts: This measures the number of new residential construction projects and is a key indicator of real estate market health.
• The University of Michigan's Consumer Sentiment Index measures consumer confidence through surveys, reflecting optimism or pessimism about personal finances and business conditions.
• Federal Reserve Rate Decisions: The Fed adjusts interest rates to either stimulate the economy (by lowering rates) or control inflation (by raising rates). Rate cuts can make borrowing cheaper, while rate hikes aim to curb inflation.
• Treasury Yields: The return on U.S. government bonds, often used as a measure of investor sentiment about future inflation and economic growth.
• Stock Sectors: Different sectors thrive in different economic conditions. Tech might boom during innovation, while energy could struggle with green shifts.
• Bonds and Yields: Bonds are safer than stocks but yield reflects risk or inflation expectations. Higher yields could mean investors demand more return.
• Cryptocurrency: Digital currencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum have been volatile but offer significant returns in 2024.
• Gold: A traditional safe-haven investment that often rises during times of uncertainty or when inflation is high.
• Real Estate: Influenced by rates, economic health, and demographic trends. Lower rates can inflate home prices due to increased buying power.
• Mortgage Rates: Higher rates make borrowing more expensive, which can cool down housing demand and affect real estate prices.
• 1 Basis Point (BPS) equals 0.01%. It’s easier to say “5 bips” than it is to say “zero point zero five percent.”

What is a business cycle?
It’s the ups and downs of the entire economy's Real GDP as it follows its overall trend.

The overall trend is upwards

Note: Oddly enough the term business cycle does not apply to a business. Rather, it refers to the entire economy (keeping us all on our toes I guess). 

As the US economy works its way upward it has its ups and down. The ups exceed the downs, and over time the economy (and the stock market) climb upwards. 

This occurrence is typical of a good, and normal, economy. It represents that the US economy is healthy overall, so it grows and performs well (upward trend).

But the US economy also encounters challenges along the way (the downs markets and slowing or shrinking GDP periods).

Importantly, individuals, companies, organizations, and government responds to the declines in order to “fix” the economy by solving a present challenge.

The US has been very good at fixing its economy as it meets challenges, plus we have a huge collection of smart and hardworking businesses full of good people and resources to fix their business (their slice of the economic pie).

Economists measure business cycles

These macroeconomists measure many variables to paint a picture and understand the past, present, and future economy. An example of a variable that is measured is Unemployment. Another example of a variable that is measured is Real GDP. There are tons of variables measured. But these variables are measured at regular intervals (perhaps once per week, once per month, once per quarter, once per year, etc.) When you measure a variable at consistent intervals it’s called a time series.

When you look at the time series (collection of data for one variable taken at regular intervals), you can see trends. Real GDP, Prices, and Unemployment are three massively important trends for economists. When the Real GDP trend shows increases for two or more quarters (a quarter is a 3-month interval, or a quarter of a year) then the economy is in expansion. If that expansion lasts for a long, long time (years) it is considered a boom. 

But when the Real GDP trend shows decreases for two (or more) quarters then the economy is in contraction. Historically, if the Real GDP is contracting then it was called a recession, but nowadays many economists look at more than just Real GDP before labeling the economy as being in a recession. 

(They will look at income, unemployment/employment, etc for an overall feel before using the word recession.) 

So expansion and contraction are not debatable: either your Real GDP continues to grow every quarter and you’re expanding (your economy), or your Real GDP continues to shrink every quarter and you’re contracting (your economy). Obviously, government is interested in having tools to end contraction, avoid recession, and restore expansion/growth — more on that later. 

The NBER (National Bureau of Economic Research) can officially declare a recession, but as an improving investor gathering your data do you want to just move with the herd and wait for the NBER to declare a recession or end of a recession? Or do you want to be one step in front of it? And even if you do wait, just understanding that an expansion or a contraction is coming can keep you emotionally calm and rational (buying low and selling high takes emotional control and sound reasoning). 

I saw that coming from a mile away” is a powerful feeling as an investor. It takes time to develop that — and you will still get surprised from time to time too. But since you’re winning more than you’re losing as you improve, you deal with it better.

Note: The NBER is typically full of Nobel Laureates and past members of the President’s Council of Economic Advisors. But, you know, good investors still ensure what they are reading and hearing makes sense to them.

Many economic factors correlate

For instance, Real GDP and Unemployment rates historically correlate (move together) very, very well. In other words, when Real GDP is going up then Unemployment is going down. When things move together but go in opposite directions that is called “an inverse relationship” or a “negative correlation.” They go in opposite directions, but at the same time; this can also be called countercyclical. And a direct relationship is when two things move in the same direction at the same time; this can also be called positive correlation, procyclical, or just cyclical. 

An investor could look at it the opposite way too: when Unemployment is going down then Real GDP is going up.

The NBER looks at this closely when deciding if we are in a recession. If Real GDP is declining, but Unemployment is not changing then they may not call it a recession. 

There are indeed times when things that are highly correlated (like Real GDP and Unemployment) do not move “correctly.” This is always odd for economists and investors, and you need to pursue the reason (or at least a theory) why. 

Remember, the economy is very dynamic and complex, so there are many things that are usually true but not always true. Economists are just gathering information and painting pictures in order to understand the economy. Not every painting from economists is photo-realistic. 

There are in-between periods too, such as 2024, when the painting looks more like a Monet. You can tell what it is, but there are not a lot of clean edges. What you don’t want is a Jackson Pollock painting (economically speaking), such as the lead-up to GFC (Great Financial Crisis of 2007-2008) that wasn’t understood and turned into a crash. 

As an investor, you want procyclical investments when the economy is good (restaurants, airlines, auto-makers) and countercyclical investments (discount retail and alcohol) when the economy is bad.

So before the NBER declares a recession they look for: a decline in total GDP, a decline in income, a decline in employment, and a decline in trade. So they want to see that the economy is bad, or down in many regards — and we would tend to agree with this. The term recession should be reserved for when many bad things are happening within the economy. Otherwise, people might think every bit of bad news is a recession, which reduces their participation in the economy (less iPhones, restaurants, and Disney+) which then would lead to more problems — because they got spooked.

Note: What works really well is to have a teammate that can understand, stay the course, and make some basic pivots along the way. If you can’t do it yourself, we recommend Arena Investor investment management services.

You can be in a growth recession too

What does that mean? It means you were growing at 3% but are now growing at 2.5%. See how you are growing slower now? The growth (growth rate) contracted. But you are still growing. It is like the kid in middle school who hits a growth spurt and grows 12″ in a year versus the kid who grows 6″ in a year. Don’t worry, they are both healthy. 

Look at the data for yourself, hear what is actually happening, and don’t just listen to panicky news. Growth rate contractions happen. Should we look at why? Yes. Should you panic? No. In fact, you should never panic. 

The moral of the story

Continue to learn so you can decide for yourself what is good and bad. (Hint: there are opportunities in every market.)

What is an economic depression?

So we know what contraction is, and we know a recession is more than a Real GDP contraction, but what is a depression? Simply put, an economic depression is when you are in a recession for a long time (years and years). 

Since The Great Depression economists have been steadfastly dedicated to preventing another depression! Heck, we already covered Keynes and his effort to develop macroeconomics because the world was suffering through The Great Depression. (There are other great contributions from others too in economics.)

Economies have momentum and inertia

The momentum is how much change is happening (a lot of upward or downward change in the Real GDP for instance) and inertia is the economy’s resistance to change. This does not mean that when government takes action it is useless; instead, it means that a train slows down slowly. You won’t get a barge to turn on a dime. You can put rudder inputs in, and a turn will start, but it might not respond like a fifth generation military fighter jet.

You may think you want quick changes, but you don’t. What you want is small inputs that are on-time from the government so you don’t get a runaway train in the first place — so you don’t need to do a 180 degree turn with an aircraft carrier — but instead a little left or a little right to stay on target.

As instructor pilots say, “small corrections sooner.” The US government has been pretty good at this compared to the rest of the world, especially when you consider how big, complex, and dynamic our economy is. But let’s stay vigilant.

Note: Economic inertia that is quite resistant to change is called persistence.

Built for The One in the Arena

Arena Investor is on a mission not only to help with financial planning, and investment management, but also with education. Keep reading, watching, following, and sharing great Arena Investor content. And as always if you want professional advice, we are glad to be your teammate – along a financial journey you can actually enjoy.

You’re the Hero.
    We’re the Guide.

The concept of "Insurance Rate" is vital in personal finance, serving as a gauge for the adequacy of your insurance coverage relative to your unique financial situation. This includes factors like your spending habits, income, and net worth.  Here Arena Investor breaks down how each of these factors influences your insurance needs and offers a strategic approach to managing your Insurance Rate effectively.

What is Insurance Rate?

Insurance Rate is a measure that compares the amount of insurance coverage you have to the amount you actually need, based on key financial factors such as your spending, income, and net worth. Understanding and optimizing your Insurance Rate ensures that you are neither underinsured nor overpaying for unnecessary coverage.

Spending: Aligning Coverage with Lifestyle Costs

1. Understanding Your Spending: Your monthly and annual spending patterns play a crucial role in determining how much insurance you need. High expenditures might necessitate greater coverage to maintain your lifestyle in case of disruptions like illness or disability.

2. Coverage Considerations:

   - Health Insurance: Ensure your health insurance adequately covers your typical medical expenses. If you frequently visit medical professionals or require specialized medications, consider plans with broader coverage or lower deductibles.

   - Disability Insurance: Particularly important for those with high monthly spending, this insurance replaces a portion of your income if you're unable to work due to injury or illness.

How Arena Investor Can Help Analyze Your Spending versus Insurance

Your advisor can review your spending habits and current insurance policies that protect against potential financial strains, ensuring your coverage matches your lifestyle costs.

Income: Securing Your Earnings

1. Analyzing Your Income Sources: Your total income, including salary, bonuses, and any passive income, directly impacts your Insurance Rate. Higher earnings may require more extensive coverage to fully protect your standard of living.

2. Coverage Considerations:

   - Life Insurance: Essential for individuals with dependents or significant debts, life insurance should be sized to replace your income in the event of your death, providing financial security for your beneficiaries.

   - Loss of Income Insurance: This can supplement disability insurance by covering additional aspects of income loss due to illness or injury.

How Arena Investor Can Help Analyze Your Income versus Insurance

Your advisor can assess your income and income protection insurances based on your earnings and future income potential, ensuring your family’s financial stability.

Net Worth: Protecting Your Assets

1. Evaluating Your Net Worth: Your total net worth — which includes assets like homes, cars, investments, and savings — necessitates adequate insurance coverage to protect against loss, liability, or significant devaluation.

2. Coverage Considerations:

   - Property and Casualty Insurance: Adequate coverage for real estate and personal property is crucial, especially if your net worth is largely tied to these assets.

   - Umbrella Insurance: Offers additional liability protection that extends beyond the limits of regular policies, which is critical for high-net-worth individuals.

How Arena Investor Can Help Analyze Your Net Worth versus Insurance

Your advisor can assess your current net worth, projected net worth growth, and asset portfolio and discuss insurance, so you can get comprehensive protection of your net worth against unforeseen events.

All In All

Your Insurance Rate is a dynamic indicator of how well your insurance coverage aligns with your financial profile — your spending, income, and net worth. With the guidance of an Arena Investor Advisor, you can achieve an optimal Insurance Rate, balancing cost-efficiency with proper protection. This strategic approach not only secures your financial assets but also provides peace of mind, knowing that you and your family are well-protected no matter what life brings.

Built for The One in the Arena

Arena Investor is on a mission not only to help with financial planning, and investment management, but also with education. Keep reading, watching, following, and sharing great Arena Investor content. And as always if you want professional advice, we are glad to be your teammate – along a financial journey you can actually enjoy.

You’re the Hero.
    We’re the Guide.